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这是一篇springer期刊网站的英文写作简易指南,下面是原文翻译
 
Writing in English: Easy Guide 📝
Keep it Simple
您可以通过遵循以下准则使您的手稿简洁精准:
  • 每句话只表达一个想法 💡
  • 尽可能使用主动语态,而不是被动语态 ✅
  • 删除不必要或模糊的词,并用更具体的词来代替 🗑
例如:
BAD: The company that economists considered to be a model of modern employee conditions was Shravers Publishing,which was established as a subsidiary of the Shravers Educational Group by Dr John Mitchems in 1923.😕
GOOD: Economists considered Shravers Publishing to be a model of modern employee conditions. Dr John Mitchems established this company as a subsidiary of the Shravers Education Group in 1923.✔️
通过每句话只表达一个想法,您可以将第一个长句(33个词)缩减为两个更短、更清晰的句子(分别是12个词和16个词)。 ✂️
 
Subject and Verb Placement
读者希望句子中的谓语,一个描述动作的词,接近该句子的主语。
例如:
BAD: The patient’s liver readings [s] at 48 hours after exposure to the virus had increased [v] by 50%.😕 GOOD: The patient’s liver readings [s] had increased [v] by 50% at 48 hours after exposure to the virus. ✔️
Topic Position
话题位置是指句子开头提供的信息。
对于读者来说,这些信息具有有利的作用。如,它应该向读者介绍将在句子中呈现的信息。
例如:
Avian influenza infection rates have been increasing worldwide. Transmission has been rapid owing to high levels of international travel. H5N1 is one type of avian influenza currently being studied. Epidemiology studies have shown this virus to be especially pathogenic.
 
Stress Position
读者会无意识地关注句子末尾,以识别什么是重要的。这些信息可以称为句子的强调位置。
例如:
1: Introduction of the new assembly line increased manufacturing. 📈
2: Manufacturing increased after the introduction of the new assembly line.⬆️
 
Comparisons 👥
请记住:
  1. 只比较可以公平比较的相似事物 🍎🍎
例如:
BAD: The brain activity in Patient A was compared with Patient B.😕
GOOD: The brain activity in Patient A was compared with that of Patient B.✔️
  1. 避免模糊不清 - 尽可能具体 💭
例如:
BAD: Reactions with the new machine were faster.🤔
GOOD: Reactions with the new machine were faster than those with the old machine. ✔️
The first sentence makes the reader wonder "Faster than what?"
第一个句子使读者会想:"比什么更快?"
  1. 如“reduced”、“increased”和“decreased”等词只能用于比较某事物与之前的状态,不能用于比较两件不同的事物。要比较两件不同的事物(例如,患者组),请使用“higher”、“shorter”或“more”等词。
例如:
BAD: In our study, time until hibernation was reduced in the Experimental Group compared with the Control Group.😕
GOOD: In our study, time until hibernation was shorter in the Experimental Group than in the Control Group.✔️
 
 

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📎 参考文章

 
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